The illustrious Gramma dejongi. Photo credit: Lemon TYK.
The family serranidae is quite possibly one of the most charismatic and familiar of all the reef fishes offered to the amateur or professional hobbyist. This might not come across as immediately apparent, but taking into account that all beguiling anthiines (Pseudanthias included) come from this family, serranidae truly holds a rather prominent spot in the public eye. More commonly known as basslets (or some corruption of the term, i.e, fairy basslets, bass, etc.), serranids span a gamut of sizes, ranging from small, colourful reef associated species, to those of larger, duller and more predatory nature. Of the large and diverse mix of genera, one stands out as a perennial favourite amongst fish enthusiasts. The eponymous “fairy basslets” of the genus Gramma, with its five species, are undoubtedly one of the most celebrated serranids. Known for their diminutive stature, exuberant color and charming personalities, these little fish make choice candidates for the home aquarium. Despite being a small genus, the species range from being either exceedingly common or fantastically rare. This is, of course, with regards to aquarium contexts, as they most certainly occur in relative abundance wherever they are found in the wild. The genus is strictly confined to the Western Atlantic. Gramma loreto, The Royal Gramma
The Royal Gramma, a staple amongst amateur hobbyists. Photo credit: Lemon TYK.
The Royal Gramma is the commonest of the five Gramma species, and is appropriately named for its beautiful and stark coloration. This species is distributed heavily along the Western Central Atlantic, from Florida to the Bahamas and over much of the Caribbean. It is one of first species an intrepid diver would encounter when diving along rocky slopes starting at 20m. Unsurprisingly, its large distribution is accompanied by certain phenotypic quirks, which may represent different species. Populations in the cayman islands, for example, have the anterior purple coloration reduced just shy of the pelvic fins. The Royal Gramma is affordable and very hardy, making it one of the best fish for a budding aquarist. It is generally peaceful and self-minding, but will hold its ground against intruders in its territory by widening its mouth to appear intimidating. In large enough set ups, this species can be kept in loose groups. Grama brasiliensis, The Brazilian Gramma
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